Field-Dependent Size and Shape of Single Magnetic Skyrmions

Field-dependent size and shape of single magnetic Skyrmions.

The atomic-scale spin structure of individual isolated Skyrmions in an ultrathin film is investigated in real space by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. Their axial symmetry as well as their unique rotational sense is revealed by using both out-of-plane and in-plane sensitive tips. The size and shape of Skyrmions change as a function of the magnetic field. An analytical expression f...

Generation of single skyrmions by picosecond magnetic field pulses

Perpendicular reading of single confined magnetic skyrmions

Thin-film sub-5 nm magnetic skyrmions constitute an ultimate scaling alternative for future digital data storage. Skyrmions are robust noncollinear spin textures that can be moved and manipulated by small electrical currents. Here we show here a technique to detect isolated nanoskyrmions with a current perpendicular-to-plane geometry, which has immediate implications for device concepts. We exp...

Effect of Cell Size and Shape on Electric Field Threshold and Critical Transmembrane Voltage for Electroporation

Introduction:  Electroporation  is  a  technique  for  increasing  the  permeability  of  the  cell  membrane  to  otherwise  non-permeate  molecules  due  to  an  external  electric  field.  This  permeability  enhancement  is  detectable if the induced transmembrane voltage becomes greater than a critical value which depends on the  pulse  strength  threshold.  In  this  study,  the  variabil...

shape-size optimization of single-layer barrel vaults using improved magnetic charged system search

in this paper, the problem of simultaneous shape and size optimization of single-layer barrel vault frames which contains both of discrete and continuous variables is addressed. in this method, the improved magnetic charged system search (imcss) is utilized as the optimization algorithm and the open application programming interface (oapi) plays the role of interfacing analysis software with th...